Prevalência e fatores de risco de hiponatremia em lactentes com fibrose cística diagnosticados a partir da triagem neonatal

Abstract

Objective: infants with cystic fibrosis (CF) diagnosis present highersusceptibility to develop hydroelectrolitic disturbances, which may be fatal if they are not dealt with in time. Hyponatremia in this age group may be related to several factors such as high environmental temperatures, acute diarrhea, breast feeding, pulmonary infectious exacerbation. A major challenge in these hyponatremia cases is to carry out the appropriate prophylaxis. This revision purpose is to deal with the hyponatremy in CF, as well as its treatment and prevention. Data Sources: A non systematic review of the international medical literature was carried out through the sites Medline. The used descriptors were asfollows: cystic fibrosis, hyponatremia, metabolic alkalosis, pseudo-Bartter syndrome, all children under 18 years were selected as research limiters. Data synthesis: The prevalence of hyponatremia in fibrocystic patients varies according to the study geographic location, 16,2% to 75%. Most studies found in the literature describe cases of chronic hyponatremia complicated under the pseudo-Bartter syndrome (PSB). Authors recommended that all infants with CF must receive sodium oral replacement, mainly when in breastfeeding and in thehottest days. Conclusions: Hyponatremia in infants with FC is poorly described in the international medical literature. Althoug, the studies demonstrated hight prevalence of these complication, mainly in patients with less than 12 months of age.