Efeitos do nível de estabilização do desempenho no aumento de complexidade no processo adaptativo em aprendizagem motora

Abstract

The Adaptive Process Model understands motor learning as a continuous process of change toward higher levels of complexity. The purpose of this study was to investigate if the stabilization level of performance and the passage through instability-stability cycles influences the increase of complexity in neuromotor system. Twenty undergraduate students, right-handed and inexperienced in the task participated in this study. Stabilization group (SG) and super stabilization group (SSG). The experiment was divided into three phases: Stabilization 1, Adaptation and Stabilization 2. All the participants performed a task which involves the control of two percent of the maximal isometric force of the elbow flexors. All phases of the experiment lasted 3 seconds. In stabilization phase, all participants had to achieve in the first half of the time of the trial 20% of its maximum isometric force and in the final half 35% of the maximum isometric force. In this phase, the performance criteria were adopted for each group. The SG practiced until achieve three consecutive trials with %RMSE less or equal 5.99 in the 20% component and 3.99 in the 35% component and the GSS practiced until achieve six blocks of three consecutive trials with the %RMSE less than or equal to 5.99 in the component 20 % And 3.99 in component 35%. Twenty-four hours after stabilization 1, an adaptation phase was performed. In this phase, the participants had to control 20% of its maximum isometric force and in the final half 45% of the maximum isometric force. For a completion of this phase, all groups had to performance criteria of three consecutive trials with % RMSE less than or equal to 5.99 in the component 20% and 3.99 in the component 45%. Forty-eight hours after stabilization 1, a stabilization phase 2 was performed. In this phase, participants had to achieve to the same percentages practiced and performance criteria adopted in stabilization 1 phase. The results showed that there was a change in the organization of the components of the skill from the stabilization phase 1 to the stabilization 2, with the super stabilization group presenting a lower total force than the stabilization group at the end of the stabilization phase 2. It can be concluded that the Achieving several times the stabilization of performance as was the case of the superestabilization group, as well as passage through the adaptation phase represent two ways of the neuromotor system to acquire information and reach states of greater complexity