Pequenos jogos no futebol: revisão acerca das variáveis resposta em estudos na base SciELO

Abstract

Small-sided games are models of training used to improve performance of players in different sports, ages and practical levels. Small-sided games in football are important to the development of physical components (BELOZO et al. 2016), physiological (PEDRO; MACHADO; NAKAMURA, 2014) and technical (LIZANA et al. 2015), through challenging problem-situations that resemble the real contexts of formal games (PRAÇA et al. 2016). According to Costa et al. (2011), the small-sided games in football are kinds of training that works with fundamental tactical principles for each moment of the game, besides they can promote tactical training (COSTA et al. 2011; MACHADO et al. 2016; PRAÇA et al. 2016; REIS; VASCONCELLOS; ALMEIDA, 2017). However, historically, some authors noticed smaller incident in studies about the tactical variable in comparison to others variables like physical, technical and physiological. In recent years, the conceptual and technological development facilitated evaluation in tactical behavior, then the tactical variable is important and, it has presented how the centric target in studies in the last years, against exhaustive analysis in physical and physiological variables observed in previous years. Although this is a hypothesis not yet confirmed. At this point, the question research was: What are dependent variables analysed in studies about small-sided games in football in the last years? This study aimed analyse response variables investigated in studies about small-sided games in football for young players. Considering the method of systematic review, the bibliographic survey of the study was carried out in the electronic database SciELO and seven articles were selected, being these original, with sample composed by adolescents and intervention with small-sided games in football. It was adopted the systematic review model from PRISMA-P (Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis protocols) (SHAMSEER et al. 2015). The results showed that of the articles included in the review, five were published in the English language and only two in the Portuguese language, and the publication period of the works was limited between the years 2011 to 2017, and in 2012 and 2013 no publication was found on the subject. From the total of seven articles analyzed, six approached the tactical variable as the main object of analysis and we verified the combination of the physical and tactical variables in (1 article) and the technical and tactical variables in another (1 article). Only one study approached the analysis of the physiological and physical variables. It is concluded that there is a predominance of interest in evaluating the tactical variable in detriment of the physical, physiological and technical variables in the studies on small-sided games in football for young players in the electronic base SciELO