Fatores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas não transmissíveis na população de Belo Horizonte

Abstract

Introduction: The non transmissible chronic diseases (DCNT) are constituted inone of the main causes of death in spite of the fact that their risk factors are wellknown, evitable and easily mediated. For the DCNT prevention and control isnecessary the continuum monitoring of their risk factors and protection. This isimportant for supporting information directed to the health promotion and injuryprevention as well as to the action favoring healthier behavior and habits. GeneralAims: to identify the prevalence of the DNCT risk and protection factors in thegeneral population and in the users of health insurances at Belo Horizonte andcompare the evolution of the frequency of these factors in the 2006 up to 2008.Methodology: This is an epidemiological study, cross-sectional population-baseddescriptive data that were used side project "Surveillance of Risk Factors andProtection for chronic diseases through telephone survey (VIGITEL) of the Ministryof Health (MOH) for the Belo Horizonte, for the years 2006 to 2008. The data werepresented by the frequency distribution of the variables of interest to the generalpopulation and users of health plans and their respective confidence intervals 95%(IC 95%). Results: In the general population, adults with low education presentlarger frequency of risky behavior: they smoked more, consumed more fatty meatand integral milk (3% fat), consumed less fruits, vegetables and legumes, did lessphysical activities in the leisure and protected less against ultraviolet radiation. Theweight excess is larger for men, as well as the abusive consumption of alcohol anddriving cars after its consumption. The women consumed more fruits, vegetablesand legumes and protected themselves against the ultraviolet radiation. Thepercentage of hypertensive people increaseded with the age, as well as thediabetes, heart diseases and cholesterol awareness. The frequency ofmammography and Papanicolau exams were larger between women with moreyears of study. The frequencies found in the users of health insurance were similarto the one found for the general population. The differences were related to the selfexamof the health as bad, in which was verified a smaller percentage of womenusers of health insurance. Concerning the mammography and papanicolau exams,the percentage found is larger for the women users of health insurance. With respectto the temporal analysis, it was verified the elevation of percentage of obesity inwomen, increased of consumption of fruits, vegetables and legumes, decrease inthe consumption of visible fatty meats and integral milk (3% fat), decreased of thefrequency of mammography and papanicolau exams, as also the protection againstthe ultraviolet radiation. Conclusion: In this context, actions might be directed forthe population of low education and non user of health plans, in order to decreasethe DCNT risk factors and the inequalities related to the access to the mamographand papanicolau exams. New studies might be realized aiming to identify the faultsin the process of adhesion to the mamography and papanicolau exams.