Estabilidade da síndrome metabólica e dos seus componentes em duas comunidades rurais de Minas Gerais

Abstract

Introduction: Although some studies have their focus on metabolic syndrome (MS), few provide population data for the specific rural area of stability and aggregation of the components of this syndrome in a space of time. Objective: This epidemiological study, population-based longitudinal and transversal aimed to analyze the dynamics of MS and its components in the population of two rural communities in the Jequitinhonha Valley, in the period between 2004 (baseline) to 2009 (follow-up). Methodology: The final sample consisted of 382 individuals of both genders (48.2% men and 51.8% women). The criteria used for diagnosis of MS was the definition of National Cholesterol Education Program - Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) and the equation of the binomial distribution was used to assess the probability of aggregation of its components. Results: MS was diagnosed in 16.5% of participants at baseline and follow-up 16.2%, being more prevalent among females in both phases. The most common components of MS were low levels of HDL-C and hypertension both at baseline and follow-up. The most common combinations of three components of MS were abdominal obesity + low HDL-c + hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia + low HDL-c + hypertension at baseline and abdominal obesity + low HDL-C + hypertension at follow-up. The aggregation of three or more components of MS was higher than expected by chance at baseline and follow-up. Within 4 years average follow-up study was possible to estimate the dynamics of MS in the population: there were 7.8% of new cases, 41.3% of the population ceased to be carriers of this syndrome and 58.7% had the diagnosis follow-up. The components that reversion most often were: hypertriglyceridemia, low levels of HDL-C and hyperglycemia. Conclusion: MS has proved a useful diagnostic tool, because its factors were added at the collective level and its prevalence was stable in four years of study. Although individual discrimination indicate that there was a high percentage of reversal of diagnosis, the components that have changed most were those more susceptible to changes through nonpharmacological and changes in lifestyle.