Caracterização do risco de disfagia e impacto na qualidade de vida de pacientes com doença de Parkinson do Ambulatório de Neurologia do Centro de Especialidades Médicas da Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disease. The clinical profile is characterized by motor and non-motor alterations, and autonomic disorders, mainly dysphagia can be cited, which directly interfere with the patient's quality of life. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to identify patients with PD at the Ambulatory of Neurology of the Centro de Especialidades Médicas (CEM) of Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte who present dysphagia and evaluate its impact on quality of life. METHODS: Between July 2017 and January 2018, 57 patients with idiopathic PD diagnosis were invited to participate in the study. Of these, 46 met the eligibility criteria, of which 30 participated in the study. A questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic and clinical data, and instruments were used to assess cognitive function (Mini Mental State Examination, MMSE), severity of signs and symptoms of PD (Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, UPDRS), determination of stage of disease and level of dependence (Hoehn and Yarh Stage Scale, Schwab and England Scale). A screening instrument was used for risk of dysphagia (Eating Self-Assessment Tool, EAT-10) and for evaluation of dysphagia (items 1 to 4 of Scales for Outcomes in Parkinsons Disease-Autonomic, SCOPA-AUT), and quality of life (Parkinsons Disease Questionnaire, PDQ-39). RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 65.9 (± 10.3) with 7.9 (± 4.9) years of PD, most of them men (17, 56.7%). The recruitment rate was 52.6%. According to the EAT-10 score, 19 (63.3%) patients had indicative of dysphagia. There was a statistically significant association between EAT-10 and section III of the UPDRS (rs = 0.362, p = 0.049) and the total score (r = 0.402, p = 0.028). Associations between SCOPA-AUT and the mobility domains, daily life activities, well-being, stigma, body discomfort and the total sum of the PDQ-39 were found. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that dysphagia is very frequent in patients with PD who follow up clinically in CEM and negatively interfere in the quality of life of patients with PD.