As estratégias de dativo de 2ª pessoa em cartas pessoais (séculos XIX E XX)

Abstract

This paper is conducted by the main goal of analytically describing the strategies of representation of the 2nd singular person dative in personal letters (love, friendship and family letters) written between late 19th century and late 20th century. In the light of the conjugation of the assumptions of the Labovian variationist sociolinguistics (WEINREICH, LABOV & HERZOG, 1968) to the historical sociolinguistics (CONDE SILVESTRE, 2007; HERNÁNDEZ-CAMPOY & CONDE SILVESTRE, 2012), it is described not only the frequencies of use of dative forms as te, a ti, lhe, a você, para você and null dative (), but also correlated the productivity of such dative strategies of verbal complementation to the 2nd person subject of the discourse in the Mineira letters (letters of tu-subject, letters of você-subject and alternating letters tu/você). In the perspective of an analysis methodologically oriented by the Labovian-based quantitative sociolinguistics (LABOV, 1994, 2001), GOLDVARB-X was used as a statistical apparatus for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of 582 dative data of 2nd singular person in terms of percentage frequencies. In summary, the results announce not only the diversity of verbal complementation strategies in syntactic structures of dative (te, a ti, lhe, a você, para você, ), but also a more intense coexistence between the pronominal forms lhe e te. Lhe has presented itself as the most productive form, mainly in the letters of você-subject, denoting a greater degree of formality in personal relations, while te was more frequent in the letters of tu-subject, achieving a slightly more discreet productivity in the mixed letters (alternating tu/você). The fact that te has been spread by all the subgenres of Mineira missives (love, family and friendship) can be interpreted as a "neutral form" in relation to sociopragmatic relations between couples, family and friends, cf. also observed by Oliveira (2014) for te in Carioca letters.