Os custos da seca no semiárido: um estudo de caso no Vale do Jequitinhonha mineiro

Abstract

The objective of this dissertation is to measure the monetary costs derived from the drought period in the Citizenship Territories of the Middle and Lower Jequitinhonha, in the semi-arid region of Minas Gerais. In order to reach the objectives, qualitative and quantitative techniques were used in this research, carrying out field research using semi-structured questionnaires and data collection through documents made available by the institutions. The research was carried out in four municipalities of the semi -arid state of Minas Gerais in the Territories of the Middle and Lower Jequitinhonha Miners. In all, 25 families were interviewed in 8 communities, in addition to interviews with the CMDRSS, Municipal Secretariats for Sustainable Economic Development or Agriculture, EMATER, IDENE, CPCD, Civil Defense, Rural Workers' Unions and Diocesan Caritas. We also analyzed 216 minutes of CMDRSS meetings of the four municipalities gathered. The results of thisdissertation show that rural families in all the cities surveyed have access to water to drink and cook through the plate cistern, complemented by a kite truck because of the few rains in recent years. In addition, they create their own alternatives to access water for domestic use, breeding and planting. Eleven techniques, actions or works of coexistence or against drought in the Territories were identified. Through the analysis of the minutes of meetings of the CMDRS, it was possible to observe how the demands for water arrive and interact with the social spaces of discussion of programs and actions, mobilizing from there resources and interests, not always republican. The social technologies that make up the actions of ASA in the four cities surveyed andthe techniques developed by the Arasempre project in Araçuaí were considered by the interviewees in all instances as the most efficient alternatives. In conclusion, the costs of a drought for all the semi-arid municipalities of the Jequitinhonha Valley were estimated at R $ 29,331,682.92 per year; Ensuring an average of 50 liters of water per day per person in the semi-arid rural of the Jequitinhonha Valley costs R $ 167.00 annually at 2016 prices.