Monitoramento de flavonoides totais e rotina em frutos de fava-danta (Dimerphandra mollis Benth.)

Abstract

The fava danta (Dimorphandra mollis Benth) is a Cerrado species and, due to its innumerable phytochemical potentialities, has a high economic potential. The fruit has economic importance because it is from where the industry extracts active principles such as rutine, quercetin, and rhamnose, used in the manufacture of medicines and cosmetics. The collection point of medicinal plants varies according to the organ of the plant, stage of development, time of year and time of day. The determination of the best harvesting period allows the maximum post-harvest use of the vegetal product because it presents better quality of the compounds of interest without the minimum losses. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the harvesting period of the fruits and leaves of fava-d'anta on the total flavonoids and of rutine in the fruits. The collections were carried out in the rural area of the city of Montes Claros-MG. Five collections were made in the final maturation period of the fruits (0, 7, 14, 21, 28 days), with intervals of 7 days, being that the season 0, 7 and 14 days, presented fruits still with green coloration. At 21 days brown and other green fruits were observed. On the 28th day all the fruits had brown coloration. The study was conducted in a randomized complete block design. Ten trees in production were selected, and fruits and leaves were collected in each collection season. For morphological analyzes, the length, width and the thickness of the fruits were measured. The dry matter and the moisture content of the fruits were determined. Leaves and fruits were submitted to the analysis of total flavonoids and the rutine content was analyzed in fruits by HPLC. The data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance and, when significant the F test were adjusted, regression equations for the variables, as a function of collection times. The length, thickness and width of the fruit were not influenced by the time of fruit collection, as well as the flavonoid content, by spectrophotometry, in the fruit and leaf. For the characteristics dry weight and humidity, the behavior was quadratic. The rutine content analyzed by HPLC in the fruit differed statistically, being the first season with the highest average OF 14,3It is concluded that the collection times evaluated do not influence the total flavonoid content of fava-d'anta, however, there is a higher rutine content when the fruits are green.