Uso de células em procedimentos de regeneração óssea alveolar na implantodontia: revisão de literatura

Abstract

The loss of dental elements causes structural changes on the alveolar ridge, leading to the necessity of bone regeneration procedures, for the treatment with implants. Given the variety of techniques and materials used for tissue reconstructions, the autogenous bone graft is considered the "gold standard." However, its use can be limited due to factors such as bone availability, need to another surgical area and high morbidity ofthe donor site. Therefore, alternative techniques to alveolar bone regeneration are widely investigated. In addition to the methods that involve the use of biomaterials, like homologous, xenogeneic and synthetic bone grafts, many research advance in the field of tissue engineering. The present study aimed to review the scientific literature, inorder to evaluate the efficacy of different therapeutic approaches with bone marrow derived stem cells, employed for alveolar bone regeneration in implant dentistry. Furthermore, this study focused on processing methods and scaffolds, and the efficacy, reproducibility and safety for its clinical application. There were included other reviews and in vitro and in vivo studies related to cell-based approaches with bone marrow derived stem cells. In conclusion, that are evidences that those methods are efficient, but more research is necessary for its safe and predictable use in clinical situations.