Associação entre periodontite e disfunção endotelial: parâmetros clínicos periodontais e níveis dos marcadores inflamatórios IL-1â, TNF-á, MMP2 e óxido nítrico

Abstract

Background: The periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ACD) are chronic diseases which have a large number of risk factors and inflammatory mediators in common. The ACD has endothelial dysfunction (ED) with an important role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. However, few investigations were conducted on a possible association between periodontitis and higher ED. In this context the general aim of this study is to evaluate the association between the endothelial function and the periodontitis using periodontal clinical parameters and the presence of inflammatory markers IL-1, TNF-, MMP2 and nitric oxide. Methods: This study consisted of 47 subjects of both genders, systemically healthy divided into two groups: a group with 24 subjects with chronic periodontitis and another with 23 subjects without chronic periodontitis. Were done complete periodontal examination and evaluated ED by the flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery and measured the levels of systemic inflammation mediators IL-1, TNF-, MMP2 and the nitric oxide (NO) in the saliva. Results: The subjects with periodontitis showed % DMF significantly worse when compared with subjects without periodontitis (p= 0.034 after reactive hyperemia and p= 0.049 after sublingual nitrate), thus subjects with periodontitis showed significantly higher ED. In relation to inflammatory mediators evaluated, there was a significant association between MMP2 with the presence of periodontitis (p=0.008) and a positive correlation with all clinical parameters of periodontal variation. For the other markers (IL-1, TNF-, and nitric oxide) the groups with and without periodontitis showed similar results. It was also identified a significant positive correlation between the nitric oxide and a better endothelial function. Conclusion: subjects with periodontitis showed higher ED, expressed by smaller % of DMF brachial artery and higher levels of MMP2 that subjects without periodontitis.