Adolescência e sua relação com a cárie dentária, binge drinking, capital social e fatores associados

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between binge drinking - consumption of 5 or more doses of alcoholic beverages on one occasion - dental caries, social capital, and socioeconomic status among students of 12-years-old of public and private schools in the urban area of the city of Diamantina-MG. Data collection took place in two stages: in the first stage, a census was carried out involving all 633 12-year-old students enrolled in the 13 schools. In the second phase of the study a longitudinal period prevalence study was developed with students who were part of the first phase of this research. The first stage evaluated the prevalence of dental caries and its association with social capital and socioeconomic conditions, as well as the consumption of alcoholic beverages by adolescents and their association with alcohol consumption by friends, family members, socioeconomic conditions and religiosity. In the second stage a longitudinal prevalence study based on 2013 whose objective was to investigate an association between social capital and a binge drinking frequency among school-aged adolescents. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires. The frequency of alcohol consumption in your life and binge drinking were formulated using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT-C). For dental caries the Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth Index (DMFT) was adopted. Social capital was measured by the Social Capital Questionnaire for Adolescent Students (SCQ-AS) developed and validated for school-age adolescents. The socioeconomic indicators used were type of school, monthly family income, ABA-ABIPEME and maternal schooling. Descriptive and bivariate analysis were performed and binomial regression in the longitudinal study. The level of significance was 5%. As main results of the cross-sectional studies, it was observed that a total of 269 (45.7%) adolescents had at least one cavitated carious lesion. Multiple analysis revealed that neither gender nor social capital was statistically associated with the presence of cavitated lesions (p>0.05). Adolescents who study in public schools and whose household income was less than 3 Brazilian minimum wage (BMW) more likely to have cavitated carious lesions. In relation to binge drinking, the prevalence was 23.1%. The average age of onset of alcohol consumption was 10,8 years. Binge drinking was more prevalent among adolescents whose best friend [OR = 4.72 (95% CI 2.78-8.03)] and brother [PR = 1:46 (95% CI 1.10-1.92)] drink alcohol. Religiosity [PR = 0.40 (95% CI 0.27-0.62)] appeared as a possible protective factor. In the longitudinal study the binomial model showed that higher social capital was significantly associated with an increase in binge drinking by students. Adolescents who reported that they had an increase in social cohesion in the community/neighborhood subscale were 3.4 times more likely (95%CI 1.96-6.10) to binge drink themselves. The findings of this study highlight the social determinants of binge drinking and drinking behavior among adolescents and the non-association between social capital and dental caries. Furthermore, the results provide new evidence about the dark side of social cohesion in promoting binge drinking among adolescents.