Aspectos fundamentais para o resultado estético em implantes imediatos: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

The objective of this review is to search the literature for the most current in what involves immediate implantation (I.I.), addressing aspects of patient selection, planning, surgical and prosthetic and determinants of the type of more predictable treatment. For this, a bibliographic research was done in PUBMED with aesthetic, immediate dental implant and revision keywords, totaling 40 works. We selected 23 works relevant to the topic. Later new searches were carried out with the keywords atraumatic extraction, connective tissue, bone graft, guided surgery, flapless immediate implant vs flap, socket shield, immediate provisionalization, platform switching, associated with the keyword immediate implant. In addition, research and manual selection were carried out in the list of references of the works in question, adding a review of the literature in the Portuguese language and works of 2017 relevant to the theme, totaling 72 works for the preparation of this monograph. Based on this review of the literature, the conclusions were that there is no consensus on the surgical treatment of prosthetic technique more predictable in I.I.; the digital planning seems to favor the I.I. results.; the type 2 implant installation time is the most predictable treatment; the determination bone remnants is fundamental for planning in I.I .; you should preferably perform I.I. in patients with periodontal thick phenotype; the flapless surgical approach, the use of subepithelial connective tissue graft and the immediate implant with platform switching seem to have more favorable aesthetic results; the root preservation technique associated with I.I. seems to favor the aesthetic result; the use of bone graft in the alveolus during the placement of immediate implant allows less alteration of the tissue volumes; the immediate provisionalization seems to favor the aesthetic result in the short term when it is associated with bone graft and guarantees maintenance of soft tissue volumes. Keywords: Dental implants. Dental esthetic. Immediate dental implant loading.