Procedimento de avaliação de conforto ambiental e eficiência energética aplicado a um caso típico da Rede Estadual de Escolas Públicas de Minas Gerais

Abstract

This paper had the purpose to create a procedure in order to evaluate post occupation through quantity and quality approaches, targeting the energy issue as well as the environmental comfort in buildings, applied to the case study of the Edifício da Escola Estadual Pero Vaz de Caminha. Recent reports on the subject showed that usually the energy analyses are not followed by analyses on comfort due to the fact that this one traditionally requires large amounts of people and long periods of time dedicated to collecting measurements, which often make them difficult to be performed. Therefore, this research was conducted as to create a procedure to evaluate the performance of buildings through computer simulation, and the APO structure for technical survey and data collection with users, focusing on comfort environment and energy efficiency. This analysis showed that school buildings in Minas Gerais have the same tendency seen in other Brazilian states, in which more than 50% of energy spending is due to artificial illumination. It was made clear, throughout this study, that architecture plays an essential role when it comes to saving energy. The researches conducted with APO have been showing that simple actions towards decreasing energy waste have reached outstanding results. Moreover, when this concept follows through the construction process since ground plan, the saving percentages are higher. Regarding the conduction suggested, it was observed that the association of the techniques and computer simulation applied in APO reached expected results, especially in the analyses of comfort environment. The schools simulation in the Energyplus program allowed an evaluation precise enough to be used as the bases to compare both technical analyses and the users feedback. Although, in the analysis of illumination comfort, the measurements shouldnt be discarded due to the fact that, though the AutodeskViz® software is one of the best tools on simulation in illumination, it showed some limitations that could compromise the results. Anyway, it was seen that the developments in simulation programs have been contributing to simplify the APO methodologies. Besides this, the study of the CAPE standards has brought up the main limitations to standardize the projects. Nevertheless, as stated by the architect Márcio Lustoza: the standardization is a forced solution and from the bioclimatology point of view, its far from being the ideal solution.