Proposição de metodologia para a avaliação dos efeitos da urbanização nos corpos de água

Abstract

The urban development, requiring the implementation of water supply, drainage and sanitation systems, can cause important modifications of the hydrologic cycle. These effects are related to the water quantity (water demands, infiltration conditions), water quality and watercourse flow conditions. On the other hand, with the publication of the National Water Resources Policy Act (Federal Law n°9433/97), the modifications on the watercourse quantity, quality and flow condition are subjected to federal authorizations delivered by the state institution responsible for thewater management. As urban development implies such modifications, it is directly affected by this law. The present research, integrating all these aspects, proposes a methodology to evaluate the sustainability of the urban development implementation, in relation to the alteration ofwatercourses and verifies the feasibility of such decision support system and its relevance regarding the use by water management state institutions. The methodology is based on indicators of aspects that show major effects of urbanization and on the aggregation ofindicators by two multicriteria methods: TOPSIS and Electre TRI.The methodology validation and consolidation was made by a critical analysis based on case studies, comparison with the systems applied nowaday, experts consultation, sensitivity and robustness analysis and comparison with results from other academic studies and othermethodologies to evaluate project alternatives. After the consolidation, the methodology turned out to be adapted for use by water management state institutions, due to the feasibility of indicator assessment and theapplicability of the multicriteria procedure. The results also show that the methodology gives interesting prescriptions to analyze and help to authorize discharges coming from urban development.