Estudo cinemático associado ao estudo radiográfico na avaliação da displasia coxofemoral em cães da raça Pastor Alemão

Abstract

The hip dysplasia (CHD) is an abnormality of development between the femoral head and the acetabulum, which is manifested through the combination of the individual's genotype and environmental factors to which he was exposed. It is the non-traumatic musculoskeletal disorder more common in dogs. One of the methods of diagnosis of DCF is the most widely used method Conventional Radiographic (MRC). Besides the initial diagnosis of DCF, another challenge is to know the extent and consequences of the disease and the results of therapeutic interventions. Kinematic analysis shows is an important tool in determining factors that may influence the progression of diseases of the locomotor system and allows the evaluation of clinical rehabilitation of these dogs. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the DCF using the kinematic study associated with radiographic study in dogs German shepherds, chosen by the high prevalence of DCF. We evaluated 16 dogs. The animals underwent kinematic analysis, which allowed complete description of the movement of animals, and radiographic using MRC and Method for Radiographic Distraction (MRD). Radiographic evaluation was done by measuring the Norberg angle (NA) and calculating the distraction index (DI). Animals evaluated, 62.5% were classified as having some degree of DCF. The correlation between the AN and the ID was moderate and isolated use of MRD ineffective, with a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 44%. In linear regression analysis of multiple variables that explain the occurrence of DCF are: height maximum and minimum of the spine in the 3rd lumbar vertebra, minimum height of the vertebral column in the transition lumbosacral angle scapular-humeral joint in maximum flexion angle radio carpal-metacarpal in maximum extension angle tibio-tarsal-metatarsal in maximum flexion, range of motion scapulohumeral, range of motion, hip, tibia length and radio. In the conditions in which this experiment was conducted, we can conclude that: 1. study the kinematics of walking dog German Shepherd was able to characterize the kinematic parameters of normal animals and dysplastic, 2. MRC is an effective diagnostic test, when compared with MRD 3. the use of ID in isolation for the diagnosis of DCF in adult dogs, has low sensitivity and specificity, and their use can result in isolated false-positive and false-negative 4. changes occur with greater frequency in the forelimbs; 5. kinematics and radiographic analyzes have limitations for use alone but the use of kinematic analysis after diagnosis and treatment can contribute to verify the effectiveness thereof; 6. underscores the need for research and clinical monitoring using the combined methods for the diagnosis and follow-up after diagnosis of DCF, taking into account the changes of the forelimbs.