A construção do patrimônio cultural imaterial nas políticas de preservação em Minas Gerais

Abstract

This thesis purposes to analyze the process of construction of the intangible cultural patrimony in the preservation public policies in Minas Gerais, verifying the meaning attributed to it. It was adopted a qualitative content analysis of semistructured interviews applied to some technicians responsible for the survey and patrimonial registries of IEPHA MG. Some objects of analysis, such as the cheese from Serro MG, the cachaça from Minas Gerais and the law of ICMS, were selected in order to verify some common significant elements that are present and remarkable on the political processes of preservation of the intangible patrimony in the state of Minas Gerais. One tried to outline the contributions that may be brought by Social Psychology to the studies that focus the discussion about preservation of historic-cultural patrimony in Brazil. In order to do so, some themes as cultural patrimony, cultural identity, collective memory and tradition were discussed here in a constructionist and interdisciplinary perspective, what enabled analysis based on a concise theoretical sustentation. That is the way it would be possible to achieve the objectives of this thesis. At the end of the analysis and from the inferences that came up with it, one realized that the economic aspect serves as basis for the signification attributed to intangible patrimony due to the capitalistic culture, including the field of symbolic capital. It involves even the technicians themselves, as mediators on the political process or as reproducers of forms and strategy of action. It was observed that the traditional, the historical and the cultural aspects are justified by an economic value that prevails over the others by the functionality that the protection of an asset as patrimony destines to. Nevertheless, it is considered that would be necessary actions that could introduce the heritage question and its meanings in the ambit of the interest of the society, in order to make the cultural assets that constitute the intangible patrimony become representatives of the symbolic universe that reflects the diversity and cultural identity in Minas Gerais That is the question that appears to be, nowadays, one of the preoccupations among the technicians of IEPHA MG. The cultural policies must take the social practices, its representations and interpretations as the basis for the establishment of a patrimony that brings up a feeling of fitting to its social environment, joining, this way, past, present and future, through its uses and general social relationships and strengthening the citizenship practices. These practices must allow, even though among such diversity, identification points to all groups and individuals, establishing tolerance and respect to differences of thinking, acting and feeling that distinguish the human life.