O conceito bachelardiano de deformação e a compatibilidade lógica entre a psicanálise e a ciência

Abstract

We approach Gaston Bachelards Historical Epistemology to demonstrate that psychoanalysis maintains a relation of logical compatibility with science. This epistemology affirms that the modern scientific activity brings the fundamental effect of the disjunction between different fields (scientific and ethics). The foundation of Psychoanalysis only happened after this disjunction took place; the psychoanalytic method invented by Freud doesnt implie a scientific procedure. The problem of an orientation that should be followed by the subjects only appears with the emergence of the mathematicalphysics model, which ended up by abolishing the world of natural qualities in benefit of a world of precison. Thats why it is a logical compatibility that is in question, once psychoanalytical method is not included within in the scientific field, but in the ethical one. If there is a difference of fields, in which way is psychoanalysis compatible with science? Both fields are based on the same principle: the deformation of the concepts they deal with. According to Bachelard a deformation work is necessary to transform initial notions and hypothesis into concepts. Only concepts produced in accordance to this work can be considered compatible with the logic proposed by modern scientific activity. Therefore we take as a starting point the concept of deformation to approach the initial period of Freuds work the foundation years of the psychoanalysis aiming to demonstrate that the concepts of unconscious and infantile sexuality required the deformation work to emerge.