Baixa adesão ao citopatológico: revisão de literatura

Abstract

The Family Health Program (PSF) was officially recognized by the Ministry of Health in 1994, with the goal of reorganizing care practice in new bases and criteria. Replacing the traditional model, aimed only for the healing of diseases. The new strategy is focused on the family and the environment around them, seeking a comprehensive and continuous care, developing health promotion, prevention, protection and recovery of health. Among these actions is the Pap smear testing. This study aimed to conduct a literature survey on the literature on the importance of cervical cancer screening for women's health. For the development of the work was done a literature review narrative, using descriptors: FHP, Pap smears, cervical cancer of the uterus, adhesion and Nursing. Studies show that malignant cervical cancer is the third in incidence among women and accounts for about 275,000 deaths/year worldwide. Among the risk factors for this cancer are: to early onset of sexual activity, multiple partners, early pregnancy, multiparity , exposure to human papillomavirus (HPV) , HIV infection , low socioeconomic and nutritional deficiency . The reasons for the lack of adherence to Pap are varied as: shame, fear of the exam itself because of pain and discomfort, fear of receiving a positive result for cancer, difficulty appointment scheduling, absence of gynecological complaints and lack of knowledge about cancer, the technique and the importance of screening. Therefore, it is important to highlight the need for educational activities in which the nurse must disclose information to the population as regards risk factors, prevention and early detection, guiding behavior and healthy habits. These educational activities are the basis for success in the prevention process, since many women due to customs and values are not recognized as important in this process.