Estudo de utilização dos medicamentos inalatórios no programa "Criança que Chia", Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Belo Horizonte, MG.

Abstract

The asthma is an important problem of public health, despite the notable advance in the knowledge of its physiopathology and treatment. In Belo Horizonte, the program Criança que chia was implanted on 1996 and since then, the number of patients enrolled in the program and medicine used has been increasing. Since the pharmacologic approach is essential in the control of this disease, the profile of the use of those inhaled medicines used by children enrolled in the program was verified. Data was collected from register of pharmacy for one random sample (n=1397) distributed on the clinics of the city. On a second phase, clinical parameters were evalueted in a sample of 153 record medical from children enrolled on the Distrito Sanitário Noroeste, at primary and secondary levels of care. It was verified that the majority of enrolled patients live in Belo Horizonte and are followed in the primary level of care. There is a predominance of male (60%) and a large parcel of patients presents co-morbidities (89,5%) and the majority of patients have a family history of asthma (92,2%). On approximately 75,0% of children, the first crisis occurred until the first year of age and the average age of insertion on the program was 3,6 years. Around 32,0% of the patients gave up the treatment. It was verified a significant reduction in the number of hospital admissions, visits to emergence service and use of oral corticosteroids after an average period of 12 months from the beginning of inhaled corticotherapy. Based on the classification of asthma gravity and the migration to lighter stages, it was observed an improvement of 47,9% of patients. The ratio of corticosteroid inhaled to bronchodilatators were 0,9. The majority of patients used a dose of 500 g the beclometasona and it was possible to perceive a reduction of the dose through out the treatment. Around 55,0% of the patients did not look for profilatic medicine regularly and it was verified on the records medical a similar percentage of the documentation of inadequate use. The results of the study point out to the effectiveness of the program in the control of asthma and regarding the pharmacotherapy we could identify that the use of medicines in asthma need to be better investigate and explored in order to advance the program and the improve of the asthmatic patients quality of life.