Validade e confiabilidade da versão brasileira do Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ)

Abstract

Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) is an important aspect of health outcomes and its assessment must be done by validated instruments. The Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) is an OHRQoL instrument that assesses the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics and was developed and validated for use on young adults. The aim of the present study was to assess the reliability, validity and applicability of PIDAQ for young adults in Brazil. After translation and cross-cultural adaptation, the questionnaire was filled out by 245 individuals aged 18 to 30 years from the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. In order to test discriminant validity, subjects were examined for the presence or absence of malocclusion based on the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) criteria. Dental examinations were carried out by a previously calibrated examiner (Weighted Kappa= 0.64-1.00 and intraclass correlation coefficient= 0.78-1.00). Ethical approval and written consent were obtained. Data were analysed using the software SPSS 15.0. Cronbachs alpha of the subscales was between 0.75 and 0.91 and test-retest reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient, which ranged from 0.89 to 0.99 for dental self-confidence and social impact, thereby revealing satisfactory reliability. The discriminant validity revealed that subjects without malocclusion had different PIDAQ scores when compared to those with malocclusion. The results suggest that the PIDAQ has satisfactory psychometric properties and is thus applicable to young adults in Brazil. Further research is needed to assess these properties in population studies.