Epidemiologia e perfil microbiológico das infecções odontogênicas de pacientes internados em um hospital público de Belo Horizonte

Abstract

Odontogenic infectious originate in teeth and adjacent tissues and may become complex processes. In Brazil, there are few studies concerning the epidemiology of the disease. To evaluate the epidemiologic profile of severe odontogenic infections 119 hospitalizad patients were enrolled. The Secretion samples of 30 patients were diluted and cultivated in selective and not selective agar in aerobiose and anaerobiose atmospheres. In this cases the most occurrence was female with mean age of the patients were around 28 years. The etiology of the process was determined only in 25.2% of the cases; in most of them it was related to previous surgery (21.8%). Lower teeth were considered as the source of infection in 72.3% of the cases, specially the third mollars (31.9%). Systemic alterations, such as arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus, were reported for 18.5% of the study group. Dysphagia, dyspnea, and dyslalia were the reasons for almost 97% of the hospitalizations. The treatment included antibioticotherapy associated (44.5%) or not (53.8%) with surgical drainage. The dominating microrganisms were Streptococcus spp., anaerobic microrganisms, Staphylococcus spp., Gram negatives facultative rods and Corynebacterium spp. isolates of the clinical specimens in 70%, 56%, 46%, 33% and 23%, respectively. Also they had been recoupered Neisseria spp. and leveduriforms fungi. The most prevalent the in anaerobes was Peptoestreptococcus spp. followed of Fusobacterium spp. e Prevotella spp A mixed microrganisms were in almost the totality (90%) of the samples. Our results show that severe odontogenic infectious observed in our patients set display similar and divergent traits when compared to previous reported studies.