Cárie dentária em adolescentes em uma região desfavorecida brasileira

Abstract

This thesis focuses on the manifestation of dental caries in a poor region of Brazil. An ecological study was designed to evaluate the association between the percentage of extractions of permanent teeth inrelation to individual dental procedures performed in 2007 and the socioeconomic indicators and the provision of dental services in 52 municipalities in the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Datawere analyzed using SPSS 18.0. Factorial analysis of seventeen variables was carried out and the t Student test was used to verify the relationship between the factorial components and the dependentvariable, with significance set at 5%. Six factors were extracted that explained in the aggregate 73.5% of the total variance. Inequalities in income distribution (p=0.031) and coverage of the Family HealthStrategy (p=0.015) had significantly greater weight to explain the difference in the proportion of dental extractions in the cities studied. Social factors and service organization explained the oral healthdental mutilation in the region. A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence and distribution of dental caries, the association between socioeconomic conditions, access and use oforal health services for 15 to 19-year-old adolescents living in this region. The SiC index, DMFT and other indicators of morbidity were considered in order to evaluating the experience of dental caries.Bivariate and Poisson regression models with robust variance were developed, considering the significance level á equal to 0.05. The study was approved by the Ethics in Research involving HumanSubjects from the Federal University of Minas Gerais (Parecer no. 908/09). A total of 450 adolescents were examined between April and August 2010. The percentage of caries-free was 20.9%, the meanDMFT value found was equal to 4.50 (± 4.30) and the value of SiC index was 9.66 (± 3.21). Multivariate analysis showed a higher prevalence of dental caries among adolescents who do notstudy (p=0.001), among those who reported having visited the dentist less than one year (p=0.012) and among those who consider need for dental treatment (p=0.001). Despite the low socio-economicindicators, the dental caries prevalence of adolescents in this region is close to that found for the same age in Brazil in 2010. However it is observed that the greatest burden of disease is concentrated in agroup of teenagers. We can conclude that even in a deprived region with similar characteristics, there are inequities in the distribution of dental caries.