Análise das tensões geradas por dois padrões de desoclusão em um modelo tridimensional de prótese total implantossuportada sem extensão distal livre

Abstract

This study analyzed by the finite element method (FEM), the stresses generated in the implants, metallic infrastructure and the bone / implant interface, for different patterns of disocclusion in a mandible complete denture, supported by implants without free distal end. We developed a 3D model of a complete denture supported by implants, proposing a Brånemark protocol modification, including two short implants in the mandible distal region. The program package ABAQUS ® was used in pre and post data processing. The results show that in patterns of disocclusion in canine guide (CG) and bilateral balanced occlusion (BBO) low levels of tensile stresses were seen in all bone structure support. In CG, areas of high concentration were found traction in the interface bone/implant in the mesial region of the distal implant on the work side and compressive stress were seen on bone tissue interfaces in bone/implant of the canine and distal regions of the distal implant on the work side. The highest stresses were located in short implant neck on the work side. In BBO, concentration areas of tensile and compression occurred at the bone/implant interface of distal implant in the buccolingual direction. There were no areas of significant compressive stress in the anterior implants. The BBO pattern is more appropriate for protecting anterior implants. The focus areas of tension and compression in the distal implants to reverse as alternate work and balancing side. The inclusion of short implants in the mandible distal region generates a better stresses distribution in the implants.