Estratégias fisioterapêuticas para melhora da participação em crianças e adolescentes com paralisia cerebral - uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a clinical condition that encompasses a broad, heterogeneous, and diverse group of disorders affecting human movement and posture. Children and adolescents with CP experience reduced participation in school, family, and community activities. Therefore, the primary aim was to investigate and analyze, from a physiotherapeutic perspective, neurofunctional rehabilitation strategies that improve participation among children and adolescents with CP. As a secondary objective, the study sought to observe and describe the participation assessment measures used in the analyzed research. Literature research was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and PEDro databases between November 2024 and April 2025. Inclusion criteria were randomized clinical trials from the last five years, with full-text articles available in English, conducted with children and adolescents diagnosed with CP that evaluated improvements in participation. A total of 102 articles were found, and after analysis, six were selected. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale. The study concluded that strategies based on task-specific training, observational learning, environmental enrichment, and home programs centered on empowerment and family involvement offer the strongest scientific recommendations for promoting participation among children and adolescents with CP. However, it is necessary for future studies to more deeply consider the constructs of participation, paying special attention to the intrinsic and extrinsic factors of this population, as well as to the standardization and global use of assessment tools for the development of more assertive and evidence-based interventions.