Pastagens degradadas e técnicas de recuperação: revisão

Abstract

The degradation of pastures has been a great problem for the Brazilian livestock, in which the use of them in the production of ruminants is the most economic form of feeding. These, when well managed and used respecting their physiologic al characteristics and climatic requirements and soil fertility, remain productive for a long time. However, it is estimated that 80% of the 50-60 million hectares of pasture grown in Central Brazil are degradated, which means that they are unable to sustain the production levels and quality required by the animals. This degradation is due to several factors acting in isolation or together, from the forage species, its implantation and the management. Thus, it is necessary to use techniques for the recovery of pastures, in order to optimize the utilization of the area to recover the chemical, physical and biological properties of the soil and to enable the production of animal protein, due to increased pasture support capacity. The present review aims to present some aspects related to the degradation of pastures and the main techniques used to recover these pastures.