Uma proposta de ensino de ciências direcionada para as crianças de cinco anos de idade da educação infantil, envolvendo a metodologia do ensino de ciências por investigação e o teatro

Abstract

This work describes and analyzes an early childhood education proposal for five year old children, involving the methodology of teaching science through the use of investigation and the theater. The survey was conducted in a municipal unit of early childhood education (UMEI) from Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The methodology of work was demonstrated by development of an intervention in pedagogical practice in the researched classroom with the aim of providing activities to the students that would lead them to understanding about plant growth issues. Data collection tools used were video and audio recordings, notes in the field notebook and interviews with the student's teacher. The recorded videos were studied and analyzed and conclusions were made about: 1) The role of the researcher in conducting the class; 2) Student participation in the development of class, emphasizing the curiosity they showed in the activities; 3) The potential applicability of investigative activities for small children and 4) the contributions of the Children's Dramatic Game experience as a teaching tool in Early Childhood Education. As a result of this research, we found that the Research for Science Education methodology stimulated curiosity and interest in children and applies to children under five. Students were shown to be fully involved in participating, both in science education activities and in activities related to theater. The study also observed that, as a teaching activity, child dramatic play contributes to contextualize the subject studied. In the course of this work, the challenge of the teacher, in the final years of elementary school, in mediating activities for children in early childhood education was described. Given the objective of PROMESTRE, a professional master's program, an adapted teaching proposal that has been applied, evaluated and studied is presented as a product. We offer this product to science professionals who wish to work with children in Early Childhood Education.