O pluralismo da arte : uma análise crítica em Arthur Danto

Abstract

This dissertation develops a critical investigation into the pluralism of art in Arthur Danto's philosophy, examining how his theory seeks to encompass the diversity of cultural manifestations within the realm of art. Danto's work, particularly his thesis on the "end of art," is presented as a milestone that breaks with traditional historical narratives, allowing for the coexistence of multiple forms of artistic expression. However, his theory encounters challenges when attempting to accommodate different cultural traditions within a modern Western philosophical framework, which requires a deep reflection on its tensions and limitations, raising questions about the effectiveness of the pluralism proposed by Danto. The central objective of this study is to conduct a critical analysis of the theoretical foundations of pluralism in Danto's philosophy, juxtaposing them with other philosophical approaches and questioning their suitability to the diverse landscape of artistic production. The investigation begins with a conceptual analysis of Danto's texts, complemented by dialogues with other philosophers and scholars. This process enables a detailed examination of the limitations of Danto's theory, providing a well-founded critique of its cultural and philosophical implications, thereby contributing to a broader understanding of artistic pluralism. The analysis demonstrates that, although Danto provides a solid theoretical foundation for pluralism, his philosophy exhibits significant limitations, particularly regarding non-Western artistic expressions. Among this work's contributions are a critique of Danto's dialectical view of history, his historical essentialism, and an examination of the role of the "artworld" in enabling artistic pluralism. The dissertation concludes that for pluralism to be genuinely effective, certain Western metaphysical assumptions underlying Danto's theory must be reconsidered.