Mobilidade e dispersão espacial da população: evidências com base na mobilidade pendular metropolitana

Abstract

Large Brazilian cities, especially those with rapid demographic growth observed since the middle of the last century, have shown significant signs of population dispersion in their outskirts in recent decades. The study of the spatial redistribution of the metropolitan population in the country points to this assertion. In this process, urban commuting levels increase, and commuting is a relevant indicator for measuring degrees of integration within the metropolis. This article assesses the current magnitude and main characteristics of so-called commuting, characterized by the daily commutes of the population residing in the municipalities of each Federation Unit who works or studies in the metropolitan area. The flows from the metropolitan core to the peripheral municipalities are scrutinized. To this end, sample microdata from the 1980, 2000 and 2010 Demographic Censuses were used, through combinations of the variables “municipality of residence and work/study”. The results indicate a strong increase in metropolitan commuting, especially in relation to the closest municipalities and those involving shorter distances.