Levantamento das alterações anatomopalógicas encontradasnas linhas de inspeção de bovinos, suínos e aves em frigoríficos sob inspeção Estadual de Minas Gerais.

Abstract

Brazil has been standing out worldwide in the meat production chain. For the maintenance of the country in this economic scenario, the inspection of products of animal origin, carried out by the Veterinary Doctor, has a fundamental role, due to the monitoring of animal health, which directly contributes to the preservation of public health. The objective of this work was to analyze the nosographic data from cattle, pig and poultry slaughterhouses registered at the Instituto Mineiro de Agropecuária – IMA, in the period from 2014 to 2017, and to identify the main causes of condemnation of carcasses, viscera and organs, related to the slaughter of animals, and their prevalence distributed in the mesoregions of the state of Minas Gerais. During the study period, a total of 132,774,132 chickens were slaughtered, and 9,071,223 carcasses (6.83%) were condemned throughout Minas Gerais for the following anatomopathological changes: contusion (2.027%), fracture (1.782%), contamination (0.965%), dermatosis (0.473%) and cellulite (0.425%). A total of 1,505,115 cattle were slaughtered and 53,368 carcasses (3.55%) were condemned. The main causes of condemnation of bovine carcasses in the state were: contamination (1.135%), abscess (1.007%), contusion (0.464%); suppurative lesions (0.226%); tuberculosis (0.188%); myiasis (0.188%) and cysticercosis (0.098%). In relation to pigs, slaughter data of 4,071,596 pigs were evaluated, with 226,670 carcass convictions (5.57%). The most frequent causes of condemnation of pig carcasses in relation to the total number of slaughtered animals were: lymphadenitis (1.432%), contusion (1.231%), adherence (1.006%), contamination (0.873%), excessive scalding (0.577%) and abscess (0.283%). The results showed that the majority of condemnations of poultry, cattle and pig carcasses were linked to failures in pre-slaughter management linked to animal welfare and slaughter technopathies. However, convictions of carcasses, organs and viscera of bovines and pigs have also been identified due to the presence of anatomopathological changes characteristic of some zoonoses, mainly tuberculosis and cysticercosis. The results demonstrate the importance of the industrial and sanitary inspection of products of animal origin, carried out by IMA, to guarantee the preservation of public health and animal health, as well as the need to carry out the analysis of the nosographic data generated in the registered establishments as a tool to subsidize animal health defense actions.