Avaliação numérica da viabilidade de sistemas dual-fuel com operação transiente para o mercado de veículos brasileiros

Abstract

The pursuit of sustainable and efficient energy solutions has driven the development of innovative automotive technologies, with a focus on reducing carbon and hydrocarbon emissions and improving efficiency in the transportation sector. In this context, the present study investigates the optimization of fuel mixtures in dual-fuel systems during transient operations, aiming to enhance the performance and efficiency of vehicles intended for the Brazilian market through a numerical approach. Previous studies highlight the potential of dual-fuel systems to meet these demands, underscoring the relevance of this investigation. The proposed approach involves the validation of dual-fuel technology in passenger vehicles through numerical simulations using ethanol–methane and gasoline–methane blends. For this purpose, a model developed in the GT-Suite software was employed, calibrated with experimental engine test bench data, to simulate vehicle performance under the FTP-75 and HWFET driving cycles. The adopted methodology aims to optimize combustion under different operating conditions through the simultaneous injection of liquid and gaseous fuels. The results indicate a potential reduction of up to 10% in vehicle energy consumption, as well as a decrease of up to 25% in the carbon footprint compared to conventional fossil fuels. An optimized substitution map of methane with ethanol or gasoline throughout vehicle operation was also generated. The findings demonstrate that the implementation of dual-fuel systems not only increases energy efficiency but also contributes to automotive sustainability by enabling the integration of renewable energy sources. Therefore, this work offers a relevant contribution to the transition toward cleaner mobility, in line with global emission reduction goals.