Projeto de um sistema de instrumentação para motores de bombas centrífugas submersas

Abstract

The electrical submersible pumping system is an important artificial lifting method of crude oil in the world oil production process. If one of its components fails, the entire system is compromised or inoperative, so companies need to increase the reliability of individual equipment to avoid the high costs of installing and maintaining the complete set, in addition to production stoppages and, therefore, loss of profit. Some causes of the rotating electric machine overheating that lead to its burning when exposed to such heat condition for long periods have been seen. Thus, the present work deals with the design of an instrumentation unit dedicated to measuring and transmitting thermal and vibration signals from the electrical submersible motor that drives the multistage centrifugal pump, in order to characterize problems related to overheating phenomena and create effective solutions for minimize the causes. The project of a microcontrolled electronic board for acquisition, processing and conditioning of the mentioned physical quantities was started, as well as data transmission from the downhole to the uphole through a multiparameter sensing equipment already existing in the pumping system. Two main premises based the development of the work: (i) the interface of the proposed solution with the downhole sensor electronics should not change the operation and physical constitution of the existing sensing equipment; (ii) the instrumentation network dedicated to the vibration and temperature data sampling was specified considering the installation physical restrictions in the well annulus and the oil production environment hostile conditions in which the sensors is exposed.