Aplicabilidades da RHBMP-2 na regeneração óssea em Implantodontia: revisão de literatura

Abstract

Patients who have partially or totally lost their teeth can be re-habilitated with dental osseointegrated implants. However, the bone conditions for applying this technique cannot always be met. In these cases, a series of types of grafts (with or without biomaterials) may be necessary for re-habilitation in these areas. While the osteo graft technique can cause a high incidence of morbity and several other adverse effects, it is still deemed the most consolidated treatment in literature due to itsosteogenics osteoconductive e osteoinductive characteristics,. As a result, science is looking for more effective alternative in which results in less morbity in the reconstruction of loss osteostructures. Tissues bioengineering methods are being widely applied in the conception, construction, modification and growth of live tissue. Among these alternatives, rhBMP-2 has gained relevance and been widely studieddue to its capacity of inducing mesenquimal stem cells into secretory osteoblasts with the purpose of triggering regeneration of bone. More recently, in March 2007, the rhBMP-2 (INFUSE® Bone Graft) was commercially available for dental treatment purposes, in particular, to lateral ridge augmentation , defects associated withextraction sockets and for sinus augmentations. Since then, several studies in animals and humans have been developed in order to evaluate the use of rhBMP 2in different grafting techniques prior to placement of dental implants, with the aim of assessing the feasibility, effectiveness and effects of this protein. This literature review aimed to assess the main studies published on the applicability of rhBMP-2, including studies both in humans and animals, considering the applicability of the same processes of bone regeneration seeking to clarify the true benefits of using this protein in Implantology.