Política, gênero humano e direitos humanos na formação do pensamento de Karl Marx

Abstract

Based on the Marxian writings of the Rhenish Gazette (1842), we intend to analyze the formation of Marxian thought on the matter of politics and human rights. We try to demonstrate that Marx changes from an ontopositive conception of Law and politics, in 1842, to an ontonegative conception, at the end of 1843. The course of the author´s work goes from the defense of the political state as something essential to sociability to the criticism of the state as such. In this moment of his work, in which it is essential to thematize the opposition between individuality and the Human gender; if, at first, Marx seeks the universal element of freedom in law, in Critique to Hegel's philosophy of law he focuses on the democratic form of government, and then, finally, on the Jewish question, such theses. The author seeks, then, to defend that the individual only rises to the level of a generic being when it recovers for itself its own forces that appeared alienated in the politics. The departure point for Marx becomes the Critic of Law, Politics and Buourgeous Civil Society.