Cuidados e complicações aos pacientes com derivação urinária de Mitrofanoff: uma revisão de escopo

Abstract

Continent urinary diversion using the Mitrofanoff technique represents a significant advance in the management of patients with neurogenic bladder or any other conditions that hinder clean intermittent catheterization, commonly performed via the urethra. The technique consists of constructing a catheterizable stoma, usually using the appendix, allowing bladder emptying in an autonomous, safe and more comfortable manner for the patient. Given the scarcity of evidence on nursing care related to this procedure, this study carried out a scoping review with the objective of mapping care and complications reported in the scientific literature. The review was conducted according to the methodological guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI), using the mnemonic PCC (Population, Concept and Context) to select studies, focusing on nursing professionals, nursing care and postoperative complications associated with the Mitrofanoff technique. The searches were carried out in national and international databases, such as LILACS, MEDLINE, SciELO, Scopus and others, between November 2024 and January 2025, initially identifying 1,979 studies, of which 12 met the inclusion criteria and comprised the final sample. The studies analyzed indicate that, although the Mitrofanoff technique maintains autonomy and contributes to the preservation of the patient's renal function, complications such as stoma stenosis, infections, leaks and the need for reoperations are frequent, especially when the original technique is modified. Reports on nursing care, however, were limited, highlighting an important gap in the literature. It is concluded that there is a need for more studies specifically focused on nursing care in the monitoring of patients with urinary diversion using the Mitrofanoff technique, in order to promote safe practices, reduce complications and contribute to the quality of life of patients.