Caracterização de pigmentos da Curcuma longa L., avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana e morfogênese in vitro na produção de pigmentos curcuminóides e óleos essenciais

Abstract

Curcuminoid pigments were separated by curcumin cristalization folowed by colunm chromatography on silica gel 60G. The pigments were characterized by physical data, including according to melting point, color, profile HPLC, IR, UV and 1H e 13C-NMR. Among ethanolic extracts of turmeric and pigments, only bisdemethoxicurcumin inhibited Bsubtilis, at a higher ratio compared to chloranphenicol. The essential oil inhibited B. subitilis, S. choleraesuis, E. coli, A. niger and S. cereviseae, at a higher ratio compared to traditional antibiotics. The development of turmeric cells in vitro was optimized in Murashige-Skoog (MS) containing benzylaminopurine (3.0 mg/L). The plantules obtained when cultivated in soil provided higher yield of ground turmeric and higher levels of curcuminoid pigments, essential oils, proteins and lipids. The addition of naftalene acetic acid (NAA) to MS was necessary for the induction of callus and roots. The development of callus and roots was favored by adding KNO3 and KCl, respectively.