Choques externos e efeitos realocativos: Impactos sobre a estrutura e dinâmica das firmas industriais brasileiras

Abstract

This work aims to analyze the impact of external shocks on the reallocation of resources in the Brazilian industry from 1996 to 2009. At first, we estimate the impact of China's share of growth in Brazilian imports on the probability of exiting market, on the change in employment on the relative use of production factors and also on productivity growth. Among the results, it is observed that China accounted for exiting Brazilian market firms and the most productive, who were in industries with higher input Chinese imports, more varied employment. It was also found that the entry of Chinese inputs had a positive impact on the variation in the productivity of Brazilian firms during the period. There is also evidence that firms that changed the main CNAE did toward less capital intensive industries and more intensive in unskilled labor. Secondly, we analyzed the differences of the characteristics of firms as multiproduct, multi-industry and multissetor. In addition, the strategies of Brazilian firms to add, remove, or otherwise change the product mix as well as the impacts of the international crisis of 2008/2009 on the choice of strategies. Data from the Annual Industrial Research Company and Product, made possible the analysis for the period 2005 to 2009. The results show that Brazilian firms alter the productive scope with frequency and these changes have significant impacts on the industry production value. It was also observed that, during the 2008 crisis were considered external shock, the exporting firms outperformed the intensive margin of production value. On the other hand, smaller firms were more likely to change the range of products by adding and removing items simultaneously the production scope