Uso e ocupação do solo em áreas de assentamentos rurais no norte de Minas Gerais

Abstract

In the XIX and XX centuries there was an intensification of human activities, with increased rates of the use and occupation of the soil. With this, discussions have increased in the context of agrarian reform and the viability of rural settlements. Thus, this study had as objective to compare the use and occupation of the soil in areas of rural settlements in the north region of Minas Gerais. Three rural settlements were selected for comparison of land use classes in the years 2003 and 2014, with the aid of remote sensing techniques. The soil sampling was performed in classes of use defined for determination of chemical attributes. The results obtained were submitted to variance analysis and the averages by Tukey test (p<0.05). With the aid of the program R, it was possible to verify that the three rural settlements, showed decrease in the areas of native vegetation and increase in the areas of crops and soil exposed. In the analysis of the accuracy of the classification was observed a Kappa index satisfactory, and it can be inferred that the rural settlements had significant change in the interval of 11 years of use. The fertility of the soil has improved in the superficial layer (0-20 cm) of the occupied areas with cultures and that have been well managed.