Avaliação das abordagens terapêuticas para agressores sexuais portadores de transtornos parafílicos

Abstract

Sexual assault is a universal phenomenon that strikes indiscriminately, people of all social classes, ethnicities, religions and cultures. Sexual assault is a problem of health and public safety that entails numerous costs and consequences for the victims, for offenders, for their families and for society as a whole. In the present study, therapeutic approaches to sexual offenders with paraphilic disorders will be evaluated as well as psychotherapeutic treatment for people with sexual addiction. The first study is a systematic review which aimed to review the psychotherapeutic treatments in people with sexual addiction. The second article is also a systematic review and aimed to investigate the latest research on pharmacological treatment for sex offenders with paraphilic disorders. The third article, in turn, aims to review the state of art in the pharmacological treatment for patients with paraphilias. The results suggest that the combination of pharmacotherapeutic and psychotherapeutic approaches can reduce and even eliminate deviant sexual behaviors in sexual offenders with paraphilic disorder. It was observed that both treatment with selective inhibitors of serotonin reuptake (SSRI) and the antiandrogen hormones are effective drugs in reducing the recidivism of sex offenders with paraphilic disorders. With regard to the psychotherapeutic treatment studies indicate some proven effectiveness with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Relapse Prevention approaches. In general, it was observed that the effectiveness studies on therapeutic approaches to sexual offenders with paraphilic disorders are insufficient and that greater investment is needed in research, especially in areas such as neuroscience and neuroimmunology as they contribute to the development of new drugs, more specific ones and with less adverse effects. Finally, more robust studies of psychotherapeutic interventions are needed in order to develop more effective treatments.