Relação da ansiedade e da depressão pré-operatória com a dor pós-operatória

Abstract

Objective: to analyze the relationship of anxiety and depression in the preoperative period with the presence of pain in the postoperative period. Method: cohort study conducted at a university hospital in the state of Minas Gerais (Brazil), between february and July 2017, with 65 patients. A collection instrument was elaborated for the demographic and clinical characteristics. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to assess anxiety and depression; pain intensity was measured using the Verbal Numerical Scale. Data were submitted to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Results: according to demographic and clinical characteristics, most patients were female, with a median age of 44 years and surgical specialty of the digestive tract. In the preoperative period, 31 (47.7%) had anxiety, and nine (13.8%), depression. None of the patients reported pain immediately prior to surgery. The incidence of moderate to severe postoperative pain was 32 (49.2%) patients. There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of patients with postoperative pain in relation to the presence or absence of preoperative anxiety (p value <0.001). There is no statistically significant difference in the distribution of patients with postoperative pain in relation to the presence or absence of preoperative depression (0.733). In multivariate analysis, preoperative anxiety was a predictive factor for postoperative pain. Depression was not a predictive factor of postoperative pain. Conclusion: It was demonstrated that, regardless of the demographic and clinical characteristics of the studied sample, the presence of anxiety in patients in the preoperative period is a predictive factor of postoperative pain.