Mudança estrutural, hiato tecnológico e capital humano em um modelo norte-sul de crescimento com restrição no balanço de pagamentos

Abstract

The main objective of this work is to present a macrodynamic Kaldorian model in which the process of convergence or divergence between the North (developed) and the South (developing) is a function of the structural change and technological gap. The manufacturing share in the Southern economy and the technological gap are endogenous and explain the dynamicsof economic growth compatible with the Balance of Payments equilibrium. In order for the catching up process to take place, there is a need to increase the innovative activities of the South. The developed model exhibits multiples equilibriums: one stable and the other unstable. In the stable equilibrium, the South must present greater development of its National System of Innovations and high effects of industrial spillovers in relation to the existing technological gap.