Da classificação ao diagnóstico: a psicopatia entre a norma e a subjetividade

Abstract

This research seeks to make a discussion on the issue of diagnosis in Psychoanalysis in contrast to the current classificatory model of psychiatry. We have used the psychopath or the individual with Antisocial Personality disorder as a paradigmatic figure to verify how the diagnosis went through a transformation in which it turned into classifying, from behavioral data that reveals an inadequacy with the social norm. Leaving from contributions of Georges Canguilhem and Michel Foucault, we demonstrate how the boundaries of normal and pathological are tenuous and how the notion of abnormality is crossed by moral values . In this aim, we verify how the psychopath of the classical psychiatry went through a change, turning into the current Antisocial Personality Disorder from the DSM- III and posterior . If in the beginning that classification was treated as a characteristic that manifested itself as an excess of some personality trait (abnormality) not constituting itself as a diagnosis; nowadays, however, it takes the aspect of delinquency and criminality. Consequently, arises the association of that classification with the intractability that can only be offered as a response to the segregation. From a clinical case we aim to demonstrate that the intractability is verified on the side of the individual (sujet), as a limit set by the case itself and cannot be established a priori. In other side, we present a case originally classified as a psychopath, monster and intractable, and we verified that those names just worked in favor of segregation. With the use of a third clinical case, we try to finally demonstrate the difference between making a survey guided by the norm, and establish a diagnosis according to psychoanalysis, prioritizing the elements of subjectivity.