Autoconsciência, desejo e reconhecimento :a experiência do tornar-se sujeito na Fenomenologia do espírito (1807) e no debate contemporâneo

Abstract

The main objective of this thesis is to discuss the experience of becoming a subject in Hegel, through the practical problem of recognition, situated in a privileged way in the chapter on Self-Consciousness in the Phenomenology of Spirit (1807). The contemporary debate, especially through the interpreters Axel Honneth and Judith Butler, guides the discussion. Considering the negative structure of the experience, the aim is to think about recognition in articulation with desire, considering that it is the constitution of a desiring self-consciousness that effectively demarcates the experience of the subject as a practical and intersubjective experience. However, from the point of view of the interpretation of the Hegelian text, the experience of recognition narrated in the Phenomenology of Spirit reveals itself to be polysemic and structurally problematic. Therefore, the intention is to question how this experience is effectively configured and what we can conclude about it in terms of a question of practical philosophy presented, preferably, in contemporary times. The nodal point that positions the problem comprises the articulation between desiring self-consciousness, its need for recognition by another desiring self-consciousness, and the experience of domination that is at the basis of recognition. The hypothesis that guides the approach to this problem asserts that the issue surrounding the interpretation of Hegelian recognition in The Phenomenology of Spirit (1807) must necessarily be situated within the necessary articulation between experience and subject, which, in turn, is fundamentally marked by the negative structure of the experimentation process itself.