Mudança temporal no uso e cobertura da terra na Bacia do Alto Rio das Velhas

Abstract

Changes in land use and forms of occupation are considered to be the main causes of changes in the land surface and are one of the most effective ways to signal environmental pressures in watersheds. Considering the importance of the Alto Rio das Velhas Basin in environmental, social and economic terms, it is necessary to carry out studies that address the aspects of temporal changes in land use and land cover, encouraging reflections on the implications of current land uses. The objective was to present an overview of the main temporal changes in land use and land cover in the Alto Rio das Velhas Basin for the years 1985, 2000, 2010 and 2019. Cartography and geoprocessing techniques were used to build maps and spatialization of land use and occupation with the aid of the Mapbiomas platform. The anthropic uses that expanded the most were urban infrastructure (increase of 46.57%), mining (increase of 36.62%) and planted forest (increase of 299.30%). It is noteworthy that due to the intense urbanization process and the types of use and occupation in the basin, it presents environmental pressures in preservation areas and springs that impact both the soil and its water availability. Taking into account that the priority of water use in a hydrographic basin is human supply, preserving water recharge areas is essential to avoid a supply collapse.