Atributos do solo e características agronômicas do feijoeiro adubado com biochar

Abstract

In order to assess how increasing doses of biochar produced with discarded filtering materials affect soil fertility, agronomic characteristics and nutrition of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), we conducted three experiments in greenhouse. The used biochar was produced from organic residues (rice husk, sawdust and sorghum silage remains) used as filtering material for swine biofertilizer. Every experiment was represented by the application of biochar, and treatments consisted of the addition of five levels of biochar (0, 2.5%, 5% 7.5% and 10% v / v). The treatments of each experiment were arranged in a completely randomized design with four replications. Chemical properties of the soil were evaluated before and after the cultivation of beans. The agronomic crop development was evaluated by means of the variables: dry weight of shoot, root dry mass, grain dry mass, number of pods and number of grains. We also evaluated the content and the accumulation of nutrients in the grain and dry matter of the shoot. The application of the three biochars on the soil improved its quality, increasing the pH, reducing the exchangeable acidity and raising organic carbon concentrations, available P, exchangeable bases and of Mn, Zn and Cu micronutrients. Doses of biochar increased grain production, dry weight of shoot and root dry weight. In general, the addition of biochar increased the concentration and the accumulated amounts of nutrients by the bean. Therefore, biochars produced with discarded organic filter materials have potential to improve soil properties and increase agricultural production, with the consequent benefit to agriculture.