Nanobiogéis na regeneração de ossos submetidos à fixação rígida: avaliação citotóxica, histológica e tomográfica

Abstract

In recent years, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) stood out as a biomaterial. They have unique and attractive properties for biomedical applications. However, despite the huge potential presented by CNTs, knowledge regarding their cytotoxicity and osteoinductive effect on living organisms is small. Objective with this study was to evaluate bone regeneration under the influence of carbon nanotubes as well as the cytotoxic in the body. The experiment was divided into 3 stages. In all of them Wistar rats underwent a bone defect in the femur, filled with different treatments, with or without CNTs. In the first stage these animals were evaluated for cytotoxic potential of CNTs by haematological, biochemical and histological analyzes of the blood, liver and kidney tissues. This evaluation took place in two stages, 15 (T1) and 45 days (T2) after the osseous defect was made. In the second step, the gene expression of growth and inflammatory mediators involved in bone regeneration was evaluated 15 days after the completion of the defect. In the third stage, 45 days after the realization of the defect, bone regeneration was evaluated by analysis of computed microtomography and bone histology. Results demonstrated an excellent biocompatibility of CNTs. His presence did not induce local or systemic inflammatory reactions. Allowed support, cell proliferation and differentiation, and increased expression of genes involved in bone repair, which generates great expectations as to its use as a biomaterial.