O MIR e o mundo: Marx em diálogo com o movimento revolucionário russo no século XIX

Abstract

This work is based upon the study of a couple of texts Marx wrote on Russia during in his later years, in particular of two sets of letters: one written in 1878 to the editorial committee of the Russian periodic Otechestvennye zapiski [Patriotic Notes], and the letter written to Vera Zasulich along with its four drafts, from March 1881. In these texts, the author primarily addressed the perspective of a Russian revolution at the end of the 19th century and the possibility of the obshchina [Russian agricultural commune] playing a role in revolutionizing the Russian society after a revolutionary uprising. Through the analysis of these texts, we seek to connect these two writings with the first book of Capital as it is our goal to determine whether it is possible to assert in them any kind of rupture or turn in relation to the Capital and the Marxian thought as we may conceive it from the period of 1844-1867 as a whole. By doing so, we establish a dialogue with certain authors to whom it is possible to identify such rupture or turn in Marxian thought from the 1870 and on, such as Michel Löwy, Teodor Shanin, Haruki Wada, and Enrique Dussel. We also intend to place Marx's considerations developed in 1878 and 1881 within the russian debates regarding the revolutionary question and the obshchina, particularly highlighting the discussions within the populist revolutionary movement (narodnichestvo).