O papel postural do diafragma na dor lombar crônica

Abstract

Low back pain is a highly recurring health problem that generates important limitations. Exercises aimed at strengthening the muscles that make up the core system have been proven as an effective treatment for low back pain. The diaphragm is one of the muscles that built up the core, but its role in this pathology is still little discussed. Its anatomy, as well as its biomechanics, lead us to believe in the existence of a postural function, in addition to the ventilatory one. The aim of this study was to look for articles that have investigated the functional role of the diaphragm in trunk stabilization of patients with low back pain. Specifically, if the function of this muscle would be in any way compromised and if its strengthening would generate any benefit to these patients. A literature review was conducted using the descriptors "diaphragm function" and "low back pain", in the Pubmed, PEDro and BVSalud search platforms from April to July 2022, resulting in 10 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These articles found differences in thickness, mobility, fatigue and diaphragm excursion of patients with low back pain. Many of these individuals, after training with systemic exercises associated with inspiratory resistance exercises, showed improvement in conditioning and reduction of symptoms. This supports the hypothesis that there is a postural role of the diaphragm and that diaphragm training in the rehabilitation of patients with low back pain is recommended.