Análise das emergências e proveniências das práticas de Promoção da Saúde realizadas em um serviço de APS

Abstract

This article aims to analyze how the Health Promotion in Primary Health Care (PHC) practices were constituted, based on the Foucauldian theoretical framework. We carried out a qualitative research, of genealogical inspiration, in which we interviewed 23 workers. The analysis made it possible to identify the historical moment in which Health Promotion practices emerged (emergencies), as well as the conditions that made it possible for such practices to be constituted (provenances) in PHC. To discuss the data, the theoretical references of Health Promotion and Foucauldian studies were used. The results are presented from three historical periods. The 1980s and 1990s were marked by the re-democratization and constitution of citizens’ rights. During this period, Health Promotion practices were characterized mainly by community participation in the fight for rights. The 2000s were marked by the emergence of public policies in health. This period had as a political reason the neoliberal democratic governmentality, which influenced the constitution of Health Promotion practices directed to the adoption of healthy habits and behaviors by individuals and communities. The period from 2016 to the present is marked by fiscal austerity and an increase of public policies, having as a political reason the conservative or authoritarian neoliberal governmentality. This configuration represents a decrease in the quantity and scope of Health Promotion practices carried out in the researched PHC service.