A cultura da autoria como entrave colaborativo: um estudo sobre a projetação arquitetônica

Abstract

The present study is based on the recognition of architectural design as a complex activity, identifies the various factors that tension the process and analyzes the main actors that constitute the entire architectural path to discuss the Culture of Authorship as an obstacle to projective collaboration. Such actors have diverse knowledge, skills and expectations that could be added collaboratively to obtain the best architectural result. However, the factor we call Culture of Authorship, based on the false notion of individual genius, hinders effective collaboration. Traditionally, it is perceived the decision-making concentration in a few actors, who would own the idea and technical knowledge. This Culture of Authorship is so ingrained among professionals that it becomes a hidden and powerful obstacle to collective creation. We studied the subject with the same as texts by contemporary thinkers such as Roland Barthes (1960) and Michael Foucault (1969), who question the current concept of author. To characterize the State of the Art on project collaboration, we examined cases of architects, projects and professional collectives who have experimented with ways for collaborative design. We also used the concrete design case for the ICB-UFMG, characterized by the collaboration between architects and users, in which this researcher participated. Finally, we went to the field of architectural projects in Belo Horizonte to hear, through semi-structured interviews, a diverse group of architects about their experiences, between 1971 to 2021, in relation to collaboration and authorship. The results confirmed that the traditional Culture of Authorship has enough strength in this main field of work of architects, the design of design. Although architects adopt the rhetoric of contempt of authorship, they support practices that reinforce it, with the consequent projective decision-making concentration in their hands, hindering the authorial dilution. On the other hand, is revealed series of collaborations that are not properly credited, especially when this muted collaboration is coming from new to new and employees in offices.